Exhaust manifold:
-kalau nak optimum buat tuned-length exhaust manifold, ni specific utk model/power kereta keta, bukan universal. Mmg bagus tapi will cost you a lot & kena cari engineer yg pandai adjust(bukan mechanic ye)
Extractor:
Kalau N/A ok la pakai, tapi make sure bubuh heat shield, kalau tak under bonnet panas, effect combustion, intake temp, knocking etc2
Catalytic converter/cat
Cari yg saiz besar, so takda restriction. Jgn pandai2 buang yg ni pasal ada jenis kereta rely lambda input dari sini. Nanti ECU pening, so check dulu.
Muffler:
Bunyi kuat tak semestinya bagus, kdg2 bunyi je lebih tapi still ada restriction. Plg bagus, ikut aftermarket brand yg bagus, mostly japanese brand spt Apexi, Trust, etc2, byk lagi tapi mostly famous japanese brand. Bising & besar tak sama dgn performance. Kualiti muffler tu yg tentukan ada restriction ke tidak. So jgn tertipu, jgn main hentam yg kuat & besar je, belum tentu dia punya flow bagus. Kalau improvement marginal je, tak guna. Tapi famous japanese brand mmg proven improvement & low restriction with tolerable dB.
jenis piping:
Ni yg selalu org tak ambil tahu/tak tahu/sengaja tak ambil tahu. Byk beza antara press bend & mandrel bend. Utk low restriction: pakai mandrel bend, bi yg terbaik tapi harga mahal skit. Kalau budget tak cukup, just pakai mandrel dkt curve2 yg penting, cthnya lepas manifold, lepas dump pipe(utk yg kereta turbo) dsb.
Selain dpd exhaust system, kena juga tgk intake spt kualiti filter, cold air induction dsb. system dlm enjin kereta ni berkait, so tune satu aspek tak semestinya bagi improvement yg byk. Jgn bunyi je mcm ribut, lari mcm siput ;) Bunyi ribut tak semestinya lari pun ribut!